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Intended Use For Research Use Only in the United States. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.
Catalog Number A035 (US), A036 (XUS)
Price $700.00 (U.S. List Price)
Size 1 Kit (96 well)
Application ELISA
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Description

For Research Use Only in the United States. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.

The MicroVue C4a Enzyme Immunoassay measures the amount of C4a present in human serum, plasma and other biological or experimental samples.

The MicroVue C4a Enzyme Immunoassay is a 96 well, direct-capture immunoassay for the measurement of C4a in human or primate serum, plasma, and other biological or experimental samples. Under normal conditions, activation of the classical or lectin complement pathways results in the cleavage of the complement protein, C4 into C4a and C4b by the protease, C1s. C4a is rapidly cleaved to its more stable, less active form C4a-des Arg form by endogenous serum carboxypeptidase N enzyme. Thus, quantitation of C4a-des Arg should provide a reliable measurement of classical or lectin complement pathway activation that has occurred in test samples.

The MicroVue C4a assay, a rapid, highly specific and quantitative procedure for measuring C4a levels, is designed for investigations into the role or status of complement pathway activation in numerous research settings, and for monitoring the generation of C4a in vivo or in vitro. C4a is the weakest of the anaphylatoxins, compared with C3a and C5a, however, it does play a role in bringing about vascular permeability changes, the induction of smooth muscle contraction and the release of histamine from mast cells and basophils. C4a is believed to play a role in several autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, SLE and accute glomerulonephritis. It has recently been implicated as a marker for both acute and chronic Lyme disease.

References: 

17 References

Moon K.E., Gorski J.P., Hugli T.E. Complete primary structure of human C4a anaphylatoxin. J Biol Chem 256(16):8685-8692, 1981.

Gorski J.P., Hugli T.E., Muller-Eberhard H.J. 1979. C4a: The third anaphylatoxin of the human complement system. Proc Natl Acad Sci (USA) 76(10):5299-5302, 1979.

Gorski J.P., Hugli T.E., Muller-Eberhard H.J. Characterization of human C4a anaphylatoxin. J Biol Chem. 256(6):2707-2711, 1981.

Hugli, T.E. Biochemistry and biology of anaphylatoxins. Complement 3:111-27, 1986.

Fukuoka Y, Xia H-Z, Sanchez-Nunoz L.B., Dellinger A.L., Escribano L., Schwartz L.B. Generation of anaphylatoxins by human ?-Tryptase from C3, C4, and C5. J Immunol. 180:6307-6316, 2008.

Mateja M.M., Korosec P., Kern I., Flezar M., Suskovic S., Sorli J. Complement factors C3a, C4a, and C5a in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 31:216-219, 2004.

Lee S-H, Rhim T., Choi Y-S, Kim S-H, Cho S-Y, Paik Y-K, Park C-S. Complement C3a and C4a increased in plasma of patients with aspirin-induced asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 173:370-378, 2006.

Hass P-J, van Strijp J. Anaphylatoxins: Their role in bacterial infection and inflammation. Immunol. Res. 37(3):161-175, 2007.

Abou-Ragheb H.H.A., Williams A.J., Brown C.B., Milford-Ward A. Plasma levels of the anaphylatoxins C3a and C4a in patients with IgA nephropathy/Henoch-Shonlein nephritis.” Nephron 62:22-26, 1992.

Tsuruta T., Yamamoto T., Matsubara S., Nagasawa S., Tanase S., Tanaka J., Takagi K., Kambara T. Novel function of C4a anaphylatoxin: Release from monocytes of protein which inhibits monocyte chemotaxis. Am J Pathol 142(6):1848-1857, 1993.

Wild G., Watkins J., Milford-Ward A., Hughes P., Hume A., Rowell N.R. C4a anaphylatoxin levels as an indicator of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Exp Immunol 80:167-170, 1990.

Ingram G., Hakobyan S., Robertson N.P., Morgan B.P. Elevated plasma C4a levels in multiple sclerosis correlate with disease activity. J Neuroimmunol. 223:124-127, 2010.

Olu K., Atsumi T., Bohgaki M., Amengual O., Kataoka H., Horita T., Yasuda S., Koike T. Complement activation in patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome. Ann Rheum DIS. 68:1030-1035, 2009.

Nyakoe N.K., Taylor R.P., Makumi J.N., Waitumbi J.N. Complement consumption in children with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Malaria J., 8:7-15, 2009.

Marcheix B., Carrier M., Martel C., Cossette M., Pellerin M., Bouchard D., Perrault L.P. Effect of pericardial blood processing on postoperative inflammation and the complement pathways. Ann Thorac Surg. 85:530-535, 2008.

Shoemaker R.C., Giclas P.C., Crowder C., House D., Glovsky M.M. Complement split products C3a and C4a are early markers of acute lyme disease in tick bite patients in the United States. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 146:255-261, 2008.

Stricker R.B., Savely V.R., Motanya N.C., Giclas P.C. Complement split products C3a and C4a in chronic lyme disease. Scand J Immunol. 69:64-69, 2008.

Features & Benefits

FeatureBenefit

Product Specifications

Product Spec NameProduct Spec Data
Format

ELISA

Assay time

135 minutes

Test/kit

96 wells/plate

Sample type

Various

Ordering Information

Catalog NumberDescriptionKit Size / Case Size
A035

ELISA Kit, control included

96 Wells/Plate
A036 XUS

ELISA Kit, control included

96 Wells/Plate

Complement Activation and
Biological Functions Video